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Dynamic decision-making (DDM) is interdependent decision-making that takes place in an environment that changes over time either due to the previous actions of the decision maker or due to events that are outside of the control of the decision maker.〔Brehmer, B. (1992). Dynamic decision making: Human control of complex systems. ''Acta Psychologica, 81''(3), 211–241.〕〔Edwards, W. (1962). Dynamic decision theory and probabilistic information processing. ''Human Factors, 4'', 59–73.〕 In this sense, dynamic decisions, unlike simple and conventional one-time decisions, are typically more complex and occur in real-time and involve observing the extent to which people are able to use their experience to control a particular complex system, including the types of experience that lead to better decisions over time.〔Gonzalez, C., Lerch, J. F., & Lebiere, C. (2003). Instance-based learning in dynamic decision making. ''Cognitive Science, 27''(4), 591–635.〕 ==Overview== Dynamic decision making research uses computer simulations which are laboratory analogues for real-life situations. These computer simulations are also called “microworlds”〔Turkle, S. (1984). ''The second self: Computers and the human spirit.'' London: Granada.〕 and are used to examine people’s behavior in simulated real world settings where people typically try to control a complex system where later decisions are affected by earlier decisions.〔Gonzalez, C., Vanyukov, P., & Martin, M. K. (2005). The use of microworlds to study dynamic decision making. ''Computers in Human Behavior, 21''(2), 273–286.〕 The following differentiate DDM research from more classical forms of decision making research of the past: * The use of a ''series'' of decisions to reach a goal in DDM unlike a single decision * The ''inter''dependence of decisions on previous decisions in DDM unlike their independence from previous decisions * The dynamic nature of a changing environment in DDM unlike a static fixed environment that does not change * The fact that the decisions are made in real time in DDM tasks unlike no time pressure situations Also, the use of microworlds as a tool to investigate DDM not only provides experimental control to DDM researchers but also makes the DDM field contemporary unlike the classical decision making research which is very old. Examples of dynamic decision making situations include managing climate change, factory production and inventory, air traffic control, firefighting, and driving a car, military command and control in a battle field. Research in DDM has focused on investigating the extent to which decision makers use their experience to control a particular system; the factors that underlie the acquisition and use of experience in making decisions; and the type of experiences that lead to better decisions in dynamic tasks. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dynamic decision-making」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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